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Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS (ISSN: 2078-7316) / 2025 / 39 / P. 184-197

Efficiency of biopreparations in enhancing yield and profitability of organic soybean under climate risk conditions
Chaika T. O., Korotkova I. V., Pospielova H. D., Liashenk V. V.

The conditions of global warming and instability in organic product markets pose significant challenges to the agricultural sector of Ukraine, particularly in organic soybean production. With increasing demand from the European Union, which ranks second globally in terms of organic soybean consumption, the issue of improving the crop’s yield and profitability becomes highly relevant. Of particular importance is the search for effective agrobiotechnological solutions that can ensure not only productivity but also stability of organic systems under climate risks. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of biological preparations of different origins (mycorrhizal, bacterial, and phytohormonal) on the yield and profitability of organic soybean cultivation under variable weather conditions during 2022–2024 in the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The research was conducted on residual-solonetzic chernozem soil formed on loess parent material, with moderate nitrogen and phosphorus levels and high potassium content. The object of the study was the soybean variety Khorol. Eight treatment schemes were tested, including bacterial inoculants (Profix), mycorrhizal fungi and rhizosphere bacteria (Mycofrend), and a phytohormonal agent (Violar), applied individually and in combination. Yield data were collected from accounting plots of 0.1 ha. Economic efficiency was evaluated using indicators of production costs, gross profit, and profitability, based on the standard methodology for calculating production costs in agriculture. The analysis included profitability modeling under varying price and cost scenarios and the calculation of the coefficient of variation to assess yield stability. The results demonstrated that all treatments with biological preparations outperformed the control in both yield and profitability. The highest average yield (3.23 t/ha) and yield stability (CV = 9.7%) were obtained under the full combination scheme (Profix + Mycofrend + Violar), confirming its resilience to climate stress. This scheme also ensured a profitability level of 369.0%. Even under conditions of increased input costs and reduced market prices, it retained economic advantage, with profitability not falling below 259.5%. The most cost-efficient option for small-scale farms was the application of Mycofrend alone, which resulted in profitability ranging from 315.8% to 343.6%. A strong negative correlation was found between yield level and variability (r = –0.73, p < 0.05), indicating the strategic relevance of integrated biological stimulation. The findings confirm the competitiveness of the organic model through biological intensification and its high economic viability even under hydrothermal stress conditions. Thus, integrating biological preparations into the organic soybean cultivation system may serve as an effective tool for adapting to climate change and enhancing both food and economic security in agriculture.

Citation: Chaika, T. O., Korotkova, I. V., Pospielova, H. D., & Liashenk, V. V. (2025). Efficiency of biopreparations in enhancing yield and profitability of organic soybean under climate risk conditions. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS, 39, 184-197.

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