Науково-технічний бюлетень Інституту олійних культур НААН

Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS (ISSN: 2078-7316) / 2025 / 39 / P. 130-142
Optimization supplementary nutrition for growing new oil flax varieties in adrid conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine
Polyakov O. I., Nikitenko O. V., Usova N. M., Lomeiko I. M.
Among the crops grown in the arid conditions of southern Ukraine, oilseed flax is the most drought-resistant, early-maturing, requires low cultivation costs and provides a yield of up to 2.0 t/ha. Optimization of the use of mineral fertilizers in combination with plant growth regulators will increase the productivity of modern high-yielding varieties. The goal of our research was to establish the optimal combination of the background of mineral fertilizer application and growth regulator for growing new varieties of oilseed flax in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The experiment was conducted in 2024–2025 on the experimental field of the Institute of Oilseeds of the Zaporizhia district of the Zaporizhia region. The predecessor was cereals, the main tillage was plowing to a depth of 22–25 cm, the depth of seed embedding was 3–4 cm. Sowing of oilseed flax varieties (Factor B): Zaporizhia bogatyr; Dobrodar; Linsan was carried out at a soil temperature of 4–8 °C in a row method with a seeding rate of 4.5 million similar seeds per hectare. Application of mineral fertilizers (Factor A): 1. Without fertilizers (control); 2. N40P60; 3. N60P60K60. Mineral fertilizers were applied for pre-sowing cultivation. Application of growth regulators (Factor C): 1. Without application (control); 2. Chelatin Phyto (1.0 l/ha); 3. Aminostar (0.5 l/ha); 4. Planter (1.5 kg/ha); 5. Ferti Leaf (1.0 l/ha). The crops were treated with growth regulators in the “herringbone” phase. The harvest was harvested with a “Winterschteiger” combine. According to our research results тhe peculiarities of the formation of productivity of oilseed flax varieties depending on mineral fertilizers and growth regulators have been established. The highest values of the number of bolls per plant for all varieties of oil flax were obtained when grown on the background of N60P60K60 application. The Linsan variety was the most sensitive to mineral fertilizers, and the Zaporizhia Bogatyr variety was the least sensitive. Under the influence of the use of growth regulators, the number of bolls increased by: 0.3–1.2 pcs. in the Zaporizhia Bogatyr variety; 0.2–1.2 pcs. in the Dobrodar variety; 0.1–1.2 pcs. in the Linsan variety. When growing oil flax against the background of mineral fertilizers, the number of seeds increased by: 4.2–9.1 pcs. in the Zaporizhia Bogatyr variety; 6.9–11.3 pcs. in the Dobrodar variety; 12.6–20.8 pcs. in the Linsan variety. Under the influence of growth regulators, the number of seeds on an oil flax plant increased by: 2.1–7.0 pcs. in the Zaporizhia Bogatyr variety; 1.5–7.2 pcs. in the Dobrodar variety; 0.9–7.3 pcs. in the Linsan variety. Under the influence of mineral fertilizers, the seed mass per plant increased relative to the control by: 0.04–0.09 g in the Zaporizhia Bogatyr variety; 0.06–0.08 g in the Dobrodar variety; 0.06–0.010 g in the Linsan variety. The use of growth regulators contributed to an increase in the seed mass per plant by 0.01–0.05 g in the Zaporizhia Bogatyr and Dobrodar varieties. The Linsan variety was less sensitive to the use of growth regulators. Seed mass indicators increased by 0.01–0.03 g. On average, over two years, the use of mineral fertilizers contributed to an increase in the mass of 1000 seeds of oil flax by: 0.20–0.36 g in the Zaporizhia Bogatyr variety; 0.17–0.29 g in the Dobrodar variety; 0.14–0.21 g in the Linsan variety. The Zaporizhia Bogatyr variety was the most sensitive to the application of mineral fertilizers. Under the influence of growth regulators, the mass of 1000 seeds increased by 0.01–0.04 g, depending on the nutritional background. The highest values of the mass of 1000 seeds for the varieties studied under all backgrounds of mineral fertilizer application were provided by foliar fertilization of crops with growth regulators Aminostar and Ferti Leaf. On average, over two years, the yield level of oil flax in the control (without fertilizers) was, depending on the variant of application of growth regulators: 1.02–1.15 t/ha for the Zaporizhzhiy Bogatyr variety; 0.88–1.02 t/ha for the Dobrodar variety and 0.76–0.87 t/ha for the Linsan variety. At the same time, the yield increase from growth regulators was equal to: 0.03–0.13; 0.05–0.14 and 0.03–0.11 t/ha, respectively. When growing oil flax on the background of N40P60, the yield increased to: 1.23–1.32 or by 0.17–0.21 t/ha for the Zaporizhzhiy Bogatyr variety; 1.11–1.22 or by 0.20–0.23 t/ha for the Dobrodar variety and 0.99–1.07 or by 0.20–0.23 t/ha for the Linsan variety. Spraying crops with growth regulators on this background was somewhat less effective and the increase was, respectively: 0.02–0.11; 0.03–0.11 and 0.02–0.08 t/ha. When applying fertilizers at a dose of N60P60K60, the highest yield values were obtained: 1.31–1.38 t/ha for the Zaporizhzhiy Bogatyr variety; 1.16–1.24 t/ha for the Dobrodar variety and 1.08–1.17 t/ha for the Linsan variety. The increase from mineral fertilizers under these conditions was, respectively: 0.23–0.29; 0.22–0.28 and 0.29–0.32 t/ha. The increase from growth regulators was, respectively: 0.03–0.07; 0.02–0.08 and 0.02–0.09 t/ha. The most sensitive to the application of mineral fertilizers was the Linsan variety of oil flax. Spraying crops with the Aminostar growth regulator was the most effective under all mineral nutrition backgrounds and all oil flax varieties studied. The highest yield of oil flax varieties Zaporizhzhya Bogatyr – 1.38 t/ha, Dobrodar – 1.24 t/ha and Linsan – 1.17 t/ha was obtained against the background of the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P60K60 with spraying of crops with the growth regulator Aminostar in the "herringbone" phase.
Citation: Polyakov, O. I., Nikitenko, O. V., Usova, N. M., & Lomeiko, I. M. (2025). Optimization supplementary nutrition for growing new oil flax varieties in adrid conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS, 39, 130-142.
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