Науково-технічний бюлетень Інституту олійних культур НААН

Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS (ISSN: 2078-7316) / 2021 / 30 / P. 24-32
Estimation of oil flax intra-species hybrids by breeding-genetic parameters for the creation of material with altered habitus
Tovstanovskaya T.G., Lakh V.A.
The creation of a selection material for oil flax with a large number of stems, side shoots and an optimal height for cultivation is an urgent task, since the formation of additional bolls on the side shoots will increase the yield of seeds, and an increase in the vegetative mass of plants will increase its competitiveness against weeds and reduce moisture evaporation. from the soil surface. The use of genetic and statistical parameters allows to efficiently plan and carry out breeding work for oil flax, purposefully select parental pairs in crosses, select valuable genotypes, and reject low-value material at the first stages of breeding. The purpose of this study is to identify promising interspecific hybrid combinations based on breeding and genetic parameters for creating a new breeding material for multi-stem and multi-shoot forms. The studies were carried out at the Institute of Oilseeds NAАS of Ukraine in 2018-2020. The material of the research was F1 and F2 hybrids obtained in a system of dialle crosses with the participation of two wild species (L. angustifolium and L. hispanicum) and three samples of cultivated flax – L 6 (India), M 32/2 (Ukraine), L 5 (Czech Republic). The degree of dominance of traits in hybrids of the first generation was determined by the formula (Beil, Atkins 1965). The degree of heterosis is according to the formula (Rasul et al 2002). The coefficient of heritability in hybrids of the second generation – according to the formula (Ayala 1984). As a result of the research, interspecific hybrid combinations have been identified that are promising for obtaining breeding material with a modified habit: – with the effect of heterosis: by plant height – seven combinations of F1 (Ht = 3,58-13,76%); the number of stems per plant – one (Ht = 35,77%); the number of side shoots is six (Ht = 5,68-43,79%). The most valuable are combinations in which the effect of heterosis manifested itself simultaneously on two grounds – the height of the plants and the number of lateral shoots on the plant – L. angustifolium / L 6, L 5 / L. angustifolium, L. hispanicum / L 6, L 6 / L. hispanicum; plant height and number of stems per plant – M 32/2 / L. hispanicum; – with high coefficients of heritability: by plant height – four combinations of F2 (H = 0,67-0,87); the number of stems per plant – six (H = 0,66-0,81); the number of side shoots is four (H = 0,66-0,72). Interspecific combinations of L. hispanicum / M 32/2 and M 32/2 / L. hispanicum were distinguished by high rates of heritability by two characteristics – the number of stems and the number of lateral shoots on the plant. The potential of the selected combinations will be used in the further breeding process for increased branching.
Citation: Tovstanovskaya, T., & Lakh, V. (2021). Estimation of oil flax intra-species hybrids by breeding-genetic parameters for the creation of material with altered habitus. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS, 30, 24-32.
References
*Ala AYa* (1976) Henetika kolichestvennyx priznakov soi (In Russian). Nauchno-tekhn. byul., Novosibirsk (5): 6-23 *Ayala F* (1984) Vvedenie v populyatsionnuyu i evolyutsionnuyu genetiku. M. Mir: 232 *Beil GM, Atkins RE* (1965) Inheritance of quantitative characters in grain sorghum J. Sci. 39 (3): 345-358 *Galkin FM* (1973) O geterozise u mezhsortovykh gibridov lna maslichnogo (In Russian). Byul. nauch.-tekhn. inf. VNIIMK II: 7-10 *Galkin FM* (1986) Primenenie koefficzientov nasleduemosti dlya prognoza otbora po kolichestvennym priznakam u lna maslichnoho (In Russian). Byul. nauch.-tekhn. inf. po masl. kulturam VNYYMK III (94): 8-13 *Jhala AJ, Hall LM, Hall JC* (2008) Potential hybridization of flax with weedy and wild relatives: an avenue for movement of engineered genes. Crop Science 48 (3): 825-840 *Kalinina EYu, Lyakh VA* (2009) Vplyv umov seredovyshcha na minlyvist i uspadkuvannya oznak haluzhennya stebla i vysoty roslyny u liniy i hibrydiv F1 lonu oliinoho (In Ukrainian). Zaporizhzhya, National University: 24-32 *Kalinina EYu, Lyakh VO* (2008) Kombinatsiyna zdatnist liniy lonu oliynoho za oznakami habitusu v systemi povnykh i nepovnykh dialelnykh skhreshchuvan (In Ukrainian). Zaporizhzhya, National University (2): 75-80 *Lyakh VO, Polyakova IO* (2008) Selektsiya lonu oliynoho. Metodychni rekomendatsii (Selection of flaxseed oil) (In Ukrainian). Zaporizhzhya: 40 *Polyakova IO* (2014) Ispolzovanie mezhvidovoj hibridizaczii pri sozdanii czennoho isxodnoho materiala l′na maslichnoho (In Ukrainian) Zb. nauk. prats «Faktory eksperymentalnoi evoliutsii orhanizmiv», Instytut molekuliarnoi biolohii i henetyky, Ukr. t-vo henetykiv i selektsioneriv im. MI Vavilova (15): 227-230 *Polyakova IO* (2019) Selektsiyna otsinka sortovykh resursiv lonu oliynoho (In Ukrainian). Scientific and technical bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed of NAAS (28): 79-87 *Rasul I, Khan AS, Ali Z* (2002) Estimation of heterosis for yield and some yield components in bread wheat. Int. J. Agri. Biol. 4 (2): 214-216 *Tovstanovska TG* (2016) Selektcijna tsinnist henofondu lonu oliinoho ta stvorennia na ioho osnovi vykhidnoho materialu dlia selektsii sortiv v umovakh pivdennoho Stepu Ukrainy (In Ukrainian). Dissertation, Kharkiv: 198 *Tovstanovskaya TG* (2017) Ispolzovanie selektsyonno-heneticheskix parametrov pri sozdanii iskhodnogo materiala dlya selekczii lna maslichnogo (In Ukrainian). Sb. tezisov Mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferentsii «Henetika, fiziologiya i selekcziya rastenij». Moldova: 25-30 *Yadav K* (2001) Heterosis for yield and yield component in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Plant Arch. Vol. 1, № 1-2: 95-98