Науково-технічний бюлетень Інституту олійних культур НААН

Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS (ISSN: 2078-7316) / 2015 / 22 / P. 35-42
Variation of some morphometric characteristics in linum humile mill. under the action of chemical mutagenes in M1 generation
Tigova A.V., Soroka A.I.
Flax is a valuable technical crop of multiple usage. Due to the extensive use of flax there exists a constant great demand for varieties of this crop with new, improved characteristics. To develop the necessary genetic samples with certain economically valuable traits a breeder needs novel genetic sources. One of the ways to generate a genetic stature with some novel features is a method of chemical mutagenesis. The use of chemical mutagenesis allows to increase the frequency and expand the range of mutations and in a shortened time create a valuable raw material with a variety of morphological and physiological characteristics or original biochemical parameters. The aim of this work was to study the variability of different morphometric characteristics of the flax plants in the M1 generation under the influence of some chemical mutagens. To study the mutagenic effects on some morphometric characteristics of the linseed varieties there were used two varieties of Linum humile Mill., originating from the Institute of Oilseed Crops – Iceberg and Solnechny. Three hundred seeds per each treatment were soaked into 0.05 and 0.5 % aqueous solutions of the following mutagens: DG-2, DG-6, DG-7, DG-9, DMS, and EMS with the exposure of 16 hours. Mutagens of DG series are derivatives of dimethyl sulfate. Dimethyl sulphate (DMS), as well as ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) belong to the group of alkylating compounds causing attachment of the alkyl group, usually methyl or ethyl, to one of the nitrogenous bases. These substances are often used for the purpose of mutation breeding. Furthermore, alkylating action of DMS and EMS causes chromosome breakage, often resulting in the formation of chromosomal inversions. During the growing period, such morphometric traits as plant height, number of lateral shoots on the main stem, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per plant were analyzed. As it was established in this investigation the used mutagens significantly influenced all the studied morphometric characteristics of flax plants. For example, there were revealed significant differences for such important in practical breeding trait as the number of bolls per plant. This trait largely determines the overall productivity of the variety. In most cases (except for seed treatment of Solnechny variety with the DG-2 mutagen at the concentration of 0.5%) we observed stimulatory effect of the studied mutagens on this trait. Such trait as "the height of the plants" was stimulated after the treatment with mutagens DG-6, DG-7, DG-9 and EMS at the concentration of 0.05%, and inhibited after the treatment with DG-2, DG-7 and EMC mutagens at the concentration of 0.5%, and DMS at the concentration of 0.05% for both varieties – Iceberg and Solnechny. The change for such traits as "the number of lateral shoots on the main stem" and "the number of seeds per plant" was dependent on the mutagen, the concentration used, and the genotype of the flax variety. Summarizing, treatment of flax seeds with the studied mutagens causes the changes in all the analyzed morphometric characteristics of the first mutant generation. As a rule lower concentration most often had a stimulating effect, and higher concentration – inhibitory, although there was found a number of significant deviations from this general trend. In any case, however, one can estimate the nature of those modifications only after analysis of plant population in the following generations.
Citation: Tigova, A., & Soroka, A. (2015). Variation of some morphometric characteristics in linum humile mill. under the action of chemical mutagenes in M1 generation. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS, 22, 35-42.
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