Науково-технічний бюлетень Інституту олійних культур НААН

Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS (ISSN: 2078-7316) / 2015 / 22 / P. 26-34
Model of oil flax variety for steppe zone
Poliakova I.A.
To increase the efficiency of breeding work on the creation of a new variety it is necessary to develop its model, which includes a list of the main morphological and economically valuable traits. The aim of this work was to model a new variety of oil flax that can have a significant impact on the increase in seed yield and its stability over the years in the steppe zone of Ukraine to significantly increase the oil yield per hectare. Field experiments were conducted at the experimental area of the Department of landscape management and plant genetics of Zaporozhye National University during 2011 – 2015. Nine commercial varieties of oil flax of IOC NAASU were used for this study. Experiments were conducted in accordance to guidelines. To determine the ideal model of oil flax plant genotype with a combination of certain desirable traits, adapted to local conditions, a comprehensive study was carried out for existing varieties of Zaporozhye breeding. Based on estimates that were obtained, parameters of the optimal model for oil flax varieties were identified for the soil and climatic conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine, and market requirements. Model variety that was developed is recommended as working prototype for breeding programs of the near future. When creating highly productive varieties of oil flax with high quality seeds as the search criteria for the original forms it is advisable to use basic parameters of model variety developed by us. Summarizing, we can conclude the following: 1. For the first time optimal parameters of the model oil flax variety according to biological, economically valuable and morphological traits were developed and scientifically substantiated, that will increase the efficiency of selection of unique genotypes and be more specific to the conditions for selection in the Steppe zone. A model oil flax variety that was developed involves the formation of a biotype that can outperform existing varieties in yield by 25-30%. 2. A comparative analysis of the existing commercial varieties found that the soil and climatic conditions of the Steppe zone of Ukraine, according to our model, for the formation of crop yield at 2.5 t per ha and more, created oil flax varieties should have the following traits: length of the growing season at 91-95 days, drought resistance of at least 4 points; plant height of 52 to 62 cm; number of stems at 3-4 pcs.; the weight of seeds from 1 plant at 0.70-0.85 g when weight of 1000 seeds is not less than 8.5 g. Oil content model content of model variety must be higher than 48% and variety should have a morphological marker trait. 3. Among the varieties of Zaporozhye breeding only Vodograi variety was close enough to the given model. From a large group of commercial varieties of oil flax, Iceberg and Labrador varieties were distinguished having the complex of economically valuable traits that meet a number of indicators of established model. A promising direction is to create genotypes that combine a greater number of given parameters.
Citation: Poliakova, I. (2015). Model of oil flax variety for steppe zone. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS, 22, 26-34.
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