Науково-технічний бюлетень Інституту олійних культур НААН

Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS (ISSN: 2078-7316) / 2015 / 22 / P. 12-17
Еvaluation of ecological plasticity of spring rape breeding samples
Komarova I.B., Vynovets V.G., Senуk R.V.
exceed all cruciferous crops and even sunflower. Rape is a source of high quality oil and ingredient in feed ration of animals, birds and fish with high protein content. In the global agriculture rape is one of the major oilseeds. In the last years it plantings 25-27 millions ha. World production of rapeseed is 62 mln.t, of rapeseed oil more than 17 mln.t. According to FAO, is third after the production of soybean and palm oil. Creation of spring rape varieties with a wide adaptive capacity is an important task. Increased productivity will highly profitable cultivation of this crop. The purpose of research is the selection of promising genotypes of spring rape the results of a comprehensive assessment of the ecological plasticity, yield, content and biochemical composition of oil samples breeding and the transfer of high performance varieties to state testing. We analyzed the responses of six samples for spring rape growing in different weather and climatic conditions within three years of the study. Evaluation samples of plasticity is to calculate two indicators - the regression coefficient Ri, characterizing the sample response to changing growing conditions, and dispersion si?, which is a measure of the stability of the crop. Samples of Ri significantly less than unity, regardless of the value si?, should be regarded as unpromising. The average yield is between 1.79 t/ha (sample Arion) to 2.21 t/ha (sample ВК-22438). Oil content in the best samples varies within 40,3-42,9%. With the release of oil the best was sample ВК-22438 (0,93 t/ha). This genotype is characterized as the largest mass of 1000 seeds (2.93 g) and plant height (112 cm). The coefficient regression Ri allows to divide the whole set samples into two groups. First genotypes are where it is greater than unity, they respond well to changing growing conditions, the second with less than one, ie that react poorly. The first group of samples is Ri>1, include Arion, ВК-22438 and ВL 22378. Their average yield of 1.79 t/ha (Arion), 2.11 t/ha (ВL-22378), 2,21 t/ha (ВК-22438). That is valuable for production can be considered only 2 last samples. On the basis of stability proved the best samples ВК 22438 and ВL-20211. The most valuable in breeding and economically should be considered as samples in which Ri> 1, and inessential si?. It is a highly intensive genotypes. Sample ВК-22438 meets these requirements. It transferred to the state test called Kobzar. The potential yield is 2.3 t/ha, oil content 42-43% erucic acid in oil is not available, the content of glucosinolates up to 18 m/g. Thus, established that analysis of three-year data on productivity of spring rape breeding samples using regression coefficient and variance to determine the parameters of ecological plasticity.
Citation: Komarova, I., Vynovets, V., & Senуk, R. (2015). Еvaluation of ecological plasticity of spring rape breeding samples. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS, 22, 12-17.
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