Науково-технічний бюлетень Інституту олійних культур НААН

Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS (ISSN: 2078-7316) / 2015 / 22 / P. 6-11
Inheritance of the “leaf color” trait in the lunaria l. genus
Boika O., Lyakh V.
Lunaria is a new perspective agricultural crop. People use this plant in many different ways. It’s ornamental plant for the shadow and semi-shadow places. Previously lunaria’s oil was used only as a technical lubricant, but now it’s a very valuable source of the nervonic acid. Lunaria genus includes two species: Lunaria annua (annual species) and Lunaria rediviva – perennial plant. They have some differences in their morphology and biology. First difference is plant development type. Second is in overall color of plant. L. annua has light-green color of leaves when L. rediviva – dark-greencolor. It was interesting to investigate how interspecific hybrids between these species will inherit the trait “color of leaves”. Our goal in this investigation was to show principle of inheritance of the trait “color of leaves” in the Lunaria L. genus. We analysed F1 and F2 generations of interspecific hybrids between annual and perennial species of this genus. It was shownthat allF1 plants had green color that was darker than annual parent form and lighter than perennial parent form. It was observed that F1 hybrids had green color of two types with slight differences between reciprocal cross-combinations. Hybrids of L. annua x L. rediviva cross combination were lighter than hybrids of L. rediviva x L. annua cross-combination and darker than L. annua species. Among F2 plants we found three types of this trait: light-green, green (in two variations) and dark-green. The ratio between these colors was near 1:2:1. So, we can say that “leaf color” trait is inherited by principle of incomplete dominance. Overall color of the plant is caused by content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and their ratio. We determined the content of chlorophylls a and b and their ratio in parent species and F1 generation of interspecific hybrids. It was observed that ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b in parent species is near 3. However, F1 hybrids showed also almost equal ratio chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b, but it was lower than in parents (near 1,3). Content of chlorophyll a in L. rediviva is almost three times bigger than in L. annua. The same situation was observed for the content of chlorophyll b. Interspecific hybrids didn’t have differences in the content of chlorophylls a and b between cross-combinations. The content of chlorophyll a was almost like it in L. annua. But if we compare content of chlorophyll a in hybrids with it in L. rediviva we can see that it near three times lower. Content of chlorophyll b in interspecific hybrids of both cross-combination is almost twice higher than in L. annua and only a little lower than in L. rediviva. It was found that the content of chlorophyll in interspecific hybrids F1 was reduced compared with the best parental form and was inherited by them on the basis of intermediate dominance. So, we can make some conclusions. It was found that the “leaf color” trait is inherited by interspecific hybrids of the Lunaria genus on the basis of incomplete dominance. It was determined that the content of chlorophyll in F1 interspecific hybrids was reduced compared with the best parental form and inherited by them on the basis of intermediate dominance. Chlorophyll ratio in interspecific hybrids of both cross combinations is also changing towards reduction of this indicator in comparison with the original species.
Citation: Boika, O., & Lyakh, V. (2015). Inheritance of the “leaf color” trait in the lunaria l. genus . Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS, 22, 6-11.
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